Accurate Efficiency Measurements for Emerging PV: A Comparison of NREL's Steady-State Performance Calibration Protocol Between Conventional and Emerging PV Technologies

Tao Song, Tom Moriarty, Dean Levi

Research output: Contribution to conferencePaperpeer-review

2 Scopus Citations

Abstract

Emerging PV technologies (e.g. Perovskite, and Quantum Dot) are commonly known to possess challenges for accurate performance measurement under the existing IEC 60904 series of standards, which were developed for conventional Si solar cells. Potential performance artifacts depending on scan rates and directions and light bias exposure history are often seen in those emerging solar cells. To avoid these artifacts and provide an unbiased and reliable efficiency measurement, NREL's Cell and Module Performance (CMP) Group has developed a steady-state performance calibration protocol - the asymptotic PMAX method. In this paper, we applied this procedure to four PV cell technologies, Si, CIGS, perovskite, and Quantum Dot (QD), and compared their performance variations between the transient and the steady-state conditions. By comparison, we found that the performance parameters ( i.e. VOC, ISC, FF, η) measured between fast I-V scans (and theasymptotic method (steady-state) change significantly for perovskite and QD cells. These changes donot happen for Si and CIGS cells. Furthermore, the statistical performance analysis on nearly 100 emerging cells received globally (including OPV, Perovskite, and QD) shows that over 70 of the fast I-V scans have a relative performance deviation larger than 1 compared to those determined using the asymptotic PMAX scan. Given the complex dynamic behavior observed in emerging PV devices, the CMP group at NREL thus only certifies their steady steady-state performance using the Asymptotic PMAX method. We highly recommend similar steady-state performance calibration protocol for all researchers in emerging PV because accuracy in reported efficiencies is critical to the long-term success of those promising new PV technologies.

Original languageAmerican English
Pages3408-3412
Number of pages5
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 2019
Event46th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, PVSC 2019 - Chicago, United States
Duration: 16 Jun 201921 Jun 2019

Conference

Conference46th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, PVSC 2019
Country/TerritoryUnited States
CityChicago
Period16/06/1921/06/19

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 IEEE.

NREL Publication Number

  • NREL/CP-5900-74103

Keywords

  • Emerging PVs
  • Performance calibration
  • perovskite solar cells
  • quantum dot
  • silicon

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