Basal Plane Hydrogen Evolution Activity from Mixed Metal Nitride MXenes Measured by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy

Abdoulaye Djire, Xiang Wang, Chanxiao Xiao, O. Nwamba, Michael Mirkin, Nathan Neale

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

89 Scopus Citations

Abstract

2D early transition metal carbide and nitride MXenes have intriguing properties for electrochemical energy storage and electrocatalysis. These properties can be manipulated by modifying the basal plane chemistry. Here, mixed transition metal nitride MXenes, M-Ti4N3Tx (M = V, Cr, Mo, or Mn; Tx = O and/or OH), are developed by modifying pristine exfoliated Ti4N3Tx MXene with V, Cr, Mo, and Mn salts using a simple solution-based method. The resulting mixed transition metal nitride MXenes contain 6–51% metal loading (cf. Ti) that exhibit rich electrochemistry including highly tunable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalytic activity in a 0.5 m H2SO4 electrolyte as follows: V-Ti4N3Tx > Cr-Ti4N3Tx > Mo-Ti4N3Tx > Mn-Ti4N3Tx > pristine Ti4N3Tx with overpotentials as low as 330 mV at −10 mA cm−2 with a charge-transfer resistance of 70 Ω. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) reveals the electrochemical activity of individual MXene flakes. The SECM data corroborate the bulk HER activity trend for M-Ti4N3Tx as well as provide the first experimental evidence that HER results from catalysis on the MXene basal plane. These electrocatalytic results demonstrate a new pathway to tune the electrochemical properties of MXenes for water splitting and related electrochemical applications.

Original languageAmerican English
Article number2001136
Number of pages12
JournalAdvanced Functional Materials
Volume30
Issue number47
DOIs
StatePublished - 2020

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

NREL Publication Number

  • NREL/JA-5900-76684

Keywords

  • 2D materials
  • basal plane
  • hydrogen evolution reaction
  • nitride MXenes
  • scanning electrochemical microscopy

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