Calendar Aging of Silicon-Containing Batteries

Josefine D. McBrayer, Marco Tulio F. Rodrigues, Maxwell C. Schulze, Daniel P. Abraham, Christopher A. Apblett, Ira Bloom, Gerard Michael Carroll, Andrew M. Colclasure, Chen Fang, Katharine L. Harrison, Gao Liu, Shelley D. Minteer, Nathan R. Neale, Gabriel M. Veith, Christopher S. Johnson, John T. Vaughey, Anthony K. Burrell, Brian Cunningham

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

214 Scopus Citations

Abstract

High-energy batteries for automotive applications require cells to endure well over a decade of constant use, making their long-term stability paramount. This is particularly challenging for emerging cell chemistries containing silicon, for which extended testing information is scarce. While much of the research on silicon anodes has focused on mitigating the consequences of volume changes during cycling, comparatively little is known about the time-dependent degradation of silicon-containing batteries. Here we discuss a series of studies on the reactivity of silicon that, collectively, paint a picture of how the chemistry of silicon exacerbates the calendar aging of lithium-ion cells. Assessing and mitigating this shortcoming should be the focus of future research to fully realize the benefits of this battery technology.

Original languageAmerican English
Pages (from-to)866-872
Number of pages7
JournalNature Energy
Volume6
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 2021

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.

NREL Publication Number

  • NREL/JA-5900-79324

Keywords

  • battery
  • calendar aging
  • calendar life
  • Li-ion
  • Si anode
  • silicon

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