Abstract
The effectiveness of future time of use (TOU) rates to enable managed charging depends on the vehicle's flexibility and the benefits to owners. This paper adopts opportunity, delayed, and smart charging methods to quantify these impacts, flexibilities, and benefits. Simulation results show that delayed and smart charging methods can shift most charging events to lower TOU rate periods without compromising the charged energy and individual driver mobility needs.
Original language | American English |
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Pages (from-to) | 521-530 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | World Electric Vehicle Journal |
Volume | 8 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2016 |
Bibliographical note
See NREL/CP-5400-66121 for preprint; this article is available online from the WEVA Journal website; http://www.evs24.org/wevajournal/php/download.php?f=vol8/WEVJ8-2-050.pdfNREL Publication Number
- NREL/JA-5400-68128
Keywords
- Charging
- EV (electric vehicle)
- Off-peak
- Renewable
- Smart grid