Abstract
A geothermal direct-use project utilizes a natural resource, a flow of geothermal fluid at elevated temperatures, which is capable of providing heat and/or cooling to buildings, greenhouses, aquaculture ponds, and industrial processes. Geothermal utilization requires matching the varied needs of the user and characteristics of the resource in order to development a successful project. Eachapplication is unique; guidelines are provided for the logical steps required to implement a project. Recommended temperature and flows are suggested for spas and pools, space and district heating, greenhouse and aquaculture pond heating, and industrial applications. Guidelines are provided for selecting the necessary equipment for successfully implementing a direct-use project, includingdownhole pumps, piping, heat exchangers, and heat convectors. Additionally, the relationship between temperature, flow rate, and the use of heat exchangers to provide heat to a space with hot water or hot air is provided for a number of applications, with suggested 'rules of thumb'.
Original language | American English |
---|---|
Number of pages | 11 |
State | Published - 2011 |
Event | Stanford University Geothermal Reservoir Engineering Workshop - Stanford, California Duration: 31 Jan 2011 → 2 Feb 2011 |
Conference
Conference | Stanford University Geothermal Reservoir Engineering Workshop |
---|---|
City | Stanford, California |
Period | 31/01/11 → 2/02/11 |
NREL Publication Number
- NREL/CP-5500-49948
Keywords
- aquaculture
- direct-use
- geothermal
- greenhouses
- heating and cooling