Effects of Sodium Incorporation in Co-Evaporated Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin-Film Solar Cells

Jian V. Li; Darius Kuciauskas; Matthew R. Young; Ingrid L. Repins

doi:10.1063/1.4802972

Effects of Sodium Incorporation in Co-Evaporated Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin-Film Solar Cells

Jian V. Li, Darius Kuciauskas, Matthew R. Young, Ingrid L. Repins

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

140 Scopus Citations

Abstract

Sodium incorporation into Cu₂ZnSnSe₄ (CZTSe) substantially improves the device efficiency by enhancing the open-circuit voltage (V_OC) and fill factor. Sodium increases hole density, makes the acceptor shallower, shifts the Fermi level lower, and leads to higher built-in voltage and, consequently, higher V_OC. Sodium reduces the concentration of certain deep recombination centers, which further benefits V_OC. The increase of hole density and mobility enhances the CZTSe conductivity leading to higher fill factor. Sodium causes smaller depletion width, hence, lower short-circuit current. The minority-carrier lifetime decreases slightly after sodium is incorporated via the Mo-coated soda-lime glass, although adding NaF provides some amelioration.

Original language	American English
Article number	163905
Number of pages	4
Journal	Applied Physics Letters
Volume	102
Issue number	16
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4802972 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4802972
State	Published - 22 Apr 2013

NREL Publication Number

NREL/JA-5200-57220

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abstract = "Sodium incorporation into Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) substantially improves the device efficiency by enhancing the open-circuit voltage (VOC) and fill factor. Sodium increases hole density, makes the acceptor shallower, shifts the Fermi level lower, and leads to higher built-in voltage and, consequently, higher VOC. Sodium reduces the concentration of certain deep recombination centers, which further benefits VOC. The increase of hole density and mobility enhances the CZTSe conductivity leading to higher fill factor. Sodium causes smaller depletion width, hence, lower short-circuit current. The minority-carrier lifetime decreases slightly after sodium is incorporated via the Mo-coated soda-lime glass, although adding NaF provides some amelioration.",

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AU - Repins, Ingrid L.

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AB - Sodium incorporation into Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) substantially improves the device efficiency by enhancing the open-circuit voltage (VOC) and fill factor. Sodium increases hole density, makes the acceptor shallower, shifts the Fermi level lower, and leads to higher built-in voltage and, consequently, higher VOC. Sodium reduces the concentration of certain deep recombination centers, which further benefits VOC. The increase of hole density and mobility enhances the CZTSe conductivity leading to higher fill factor. Sodium causes smaller depletion width, hence, lower short-circuit current. The minority-carrier lifetime decreases slightly after sodium is incorporated via the Mo-coated soda-lime glass, although adding NaF provides some amelioration.

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Effects of Sodium Incorporation in Co-Evaporated Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin-Film Solar Cells

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