TY - JOUR
T1 - Extended Cycle Life Implications of Fast Charging for Lithium-Ion Battery Cathode
AU - Tanim, Tanvir
AU - Yang, Zhenzhen
AU - Colclasure, Andrew
AU - Chinnam, Parameswara
AU - Gasper, Paul
AU - Lin, Yulin
AU - Yu, Lei
AU - Weddle, Peter
AU - Wen, Jianguo
AU - Dufek, Eric
AU - Bloom, Ira
AU - Smith, Kandler
AU - Dickerson, Charles
AU - Evans, Michael
AU - Tsai, Yifen
AU - Dunlop, Alison
AU - Trask, Stephen
AU - Polzin, Bryant
AU - Jansen, Andrew
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2021/10
Y1 - 2021/10
N2 - Enabling extreme fast charging (XFC, ≤10–15 min charging) requires a comprehensive understanding of its implications. While lithium plating is a key bottleneck for the anode, the full extent of limitations for the cathode are not well-understood, particularly in extended-cycle settings with well-defined battery designs and conditions. This article presents cycle-life implications of XFC on cathodes at multiple length scales, combining electrochemical analyses, degradation modeling, and post-test characterizations. The comprehensive test matrix includes 41 well-defined gr/NMC pouch cells under varied fast-charge rates (1–9C) and state-of-charges cycled up to 1000 times. Cathode issues remain minimal in early cycling, but begin to accelerate in later life, when distinct cracking is found and identified as a fatigue mechanism. The bulk structure of cathodes remains intact, but distinct particle surface reconstruction is observed; however, this shows less pronounced effect on cathode aging than does cracking.
AB - Enabling extreme fast charging (XFC, ≤10–15 min charging) requires a comprehensive understanding of its implications. While lithium plating is a key bottleneck for the anode, the full extent of limitations for the cathode are not well-understood, particularly in extended-cycle settings with well-defined battery designs and conditions. This article presents cycle-life implications of XFC on cathodes at multiple length scales, combining electrochemical analyses, degradation modeling, and post-test characterizations. The comprehensive test matrix includes 41 well-defined gr/NMC pouch cells under varied fast-charge rates (1–9C) and state-of-charges cycled up to 1000 times. Cathode issues remain minimal in early cycling, but begin to accelerate in later life, when distinct cracking is found and identified as a fatigue mechanism. The bulk structure of cathodes remains intact, but distinct particle surface reconstruction is observed; however, this shows less pronounced effect on cathode aging than does cracking.
KW - Cathode degradation
KW - Extreme fast charging
KW - Lithium-ion battery
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85110076157&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ensm.2021.07.001
DO - 10.1016/j.ensm.2021.07.001
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85110076157
SN - 2405-8297
VL - 41
SP - 656
EP - 666
JO - Energy Storage Materials
JF - Energy Storage Materials
ER -
