Abstract
Determination of the lithium ion content in cathode materials, which is currently performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP−MS), involves tedious procedures and error-prone preparation. This work introduces a new methodology to quickly determine the lithium content in spent cathode materials (LiNixMnyCozO2, x + y + z = 1, NMC) using a thermalgravimetric analysis, which bypasses the use of ICP−MS and significantly reduces the cost and time required for determining the lithium content. Based on this new method, a new approach is developed to identify spent cathode materials suitable for direct relithiation recycling. Finally, these new methods have been applied to investigate the effectiveness of direct electrochemical−relithiation on recycling the spent cathodes, and provide insights for future development of direct battery materials recycling.
| Original language | American English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 2000073 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Advanced Sustainable Systems |
| Volume | 4 |
| Issue number | 8 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2020 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. The publisher acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this article, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes only.
NREL Publication Number
- NREL/JA-5D00-77327
Keywords
- cathode recycling
- composition analysis
- energy storage
- layered oxide cathode
- lithium-ion battery