Grid-Interactive Efficient Buildings Technical Report Series: Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC); Water Heating; Appliances; and Refrigeration: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy (EERE)

This report focuses on heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC); water heating; appliances; and refrigeration; as well as related cross-cutting equipment. On-site, embedded controls pertaining directly to these types of equipment are included, whereas other communication devices and controls are beyond the scope of this report. Many of the relevant nonembedded controls and communications devices, many of which are required to enable grid interactivity, are discussed in the Whole-Building Controls, Sensors, Modeling, and Analytics report. Further, many technologies covered in this report interact directly with other systems in buildings (e.g., HVAC and envelope) and the design considerations and grid interactivity in each technology may warrant broader systems-level analysis that is not conducted here.