@misc{33797e0511ba4935937ffad0d69b76dc,
title = "Heat of Vaporization and Species Evolution During Gasoline Evaporation Measured by DSC/TGA/MS for Blends of C1 to C4 Alcohols in Commercial Gasoline Blendstocks",
abstract = "Evaporative cooling of the fuel-air charge by fuel evaporation is an important feature of direct-injection spark-ignition engines that improves fuel knock resistance and reduces pumping losses at intermediate load but, in some cases, may increase fine particle emissions. We have reported on experimental approaches for measuring both total heat of vaporization and examination of the evaporative heat effect as a function of fraction evaporated for gasolines and ethanol blends. In this paper we extend this work to include other low-molecular-weight alcohols and additionally present results on species evolution during fuel evaporation by coupling of a mass spectrometer to our differential scanning calorimetry/thermogravimetric analysis instrument (DSC/TGA/MS). The alcohols examined were methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol (n-propanol), isopropanol, 2-butanol, and isobutanol at 10, 20, and 30 vol%. The results show that total HOV of the alcohol gasoline blends is in line with the decreasing HOV in kJ/kg with increasing alcohol carbon number, as expected. MS results show that methanol fully evaporates at significantly lower fraction evaporated relative to other alcohols even though it is present at higher molar concentration. Certain alcohols, especially methanol and ethanol can suppress the evaporation of aromatic compounds such as cumene during the evaporation process in some samples. While the use of mass spectrometry to analyze the composition of the evolving gas mixture provided useful results for a relatively simple research gasoline (FACE B), additional research is required to practically apply this methodology to more complex commercial gasolines.",
keywords = "direct-injection, DSC/TGA, fuel, heat of vaporization, mass spectrometry, spark-ignition engines",
author = "Gina Fioroni and Earl Christensen and Robert McCormick and Lisa Fouts",
year = "2019",
language = "American English",
series = "Presented at the 2019 SAE International Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants Meeting, 22-24 January 2019, San Antonio, Texas",
type = "Other",
}