@misc{8cb555e9dbbe410189a72dd917ce7096,
title = "Impact of Siting Ordinances on Land Availability for Wind and Solar Development",
abstract = "In the United States, many siting regulations for wind and solar developments are created at the county or township level. Here we survey local zoning ordinances across the contiguous United States to understand the types and frequency of ordinances that might impact wind and solar development. We identify over 1,800 ordinances for wind and more than 800 ordinances for solar in 2022. To understand the impact of ordinances on anticipated land availability, we use spatial modelling on the setbacks specified in the ordinances. Extrapolating the setbacks throughout the country can reduce wind and solar resources by up to 87\% and 38\%, respectively, depending on the size of the setbacks applied. These results indicate the importance of capturing setback ordinances in resources assessments so as to not overstate resource potential.",
keywords = "county, land-use, ordinances, photovoltaic, siting, solar, wind",
author = "Brian Sergi and Anthony Lopez and Wesley Cole and Aaron Levine and Jesse Carey and Cailee Mangan and Trieu Mai and Travis Williams and Pavlo Pinchuk and Jianyu Gu",
year = "2025",
doi = "10.2172/2583477",
language = "American English",
series = "Presented at the EPRI Energy and Climate Research Seminar, 8-9 May 2025, Washington, D.C.",
type = "Other",
}