Impacts of EPA's Finalized Power Plant Greenhouse Gas Standards

John Bistline, Aaron Bergman, Geoffrey Blanford, Maxwell Brown, Dallas Burtraw, Maya Domeshek, Allen Fawcett, Anne Hamilton, Gokul Iyer, Jesse Jenkins, Ben King, Hannah Kolus, Amanda Levin, Qian Luo, Kevin Rennert, Molly Robertson, Nicholas Roy, Ethan Russell, Daniel Shawhan, Daniel SteinbergAnna Van Brummen, Grace Van Horn, Aranya Venkatesh, John Weyant, Ryan Wiser, Alicia Zhou

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

The US Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) subsidizes the deployment of clean electricity, hydrogen production, and carbon capture and storage (CCS), which could enable additional actions by other federal, state, and local policy-makers to reduce emissions. Power plant rules finalized by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 2024 are one such example of complementary policies. The rules establish emissions intensity standards, not technology mandates, meaning power plant owners can choose from a range of technologies and control options provided that emissions standards are met. This flexibility makes electricity systems modeling important to understand the potential effects of these regulations. We report below a multimodel analysis of the EPA power plant rules that can provide timely information, including for other countries and states, on emissions impacts, policy design for electricity decarbonization, power sector investments and retirements, cost impacts, and load growth. We also discuss related technical, political, and legal uncertainties.
Original languageAmerican English
Pages (from-to)140-143
Number of pages4
JournalScience
Volume387
Issue number6730
DOIs
StatePublished - 2025

NREL Publication Number

  • NREL/JA-6A20-91131

Keywords

  • CCS
  • Clean Air Act
  • electricity
  • federal policy
  • modeling
  • power

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