Integration of Storage in the DC Link of a Full Converter-Based Distributed Wind Turbine: Preprint

Energy storage is known to support the dispatchability of variable renewable resources. In this paper, we model a battery energy storage system (BESS) integrated in the DC link of a Type IV full converter-based wind turbine and model the necessary controls to achieve efficient dispatch. To support validation of controls methodologies, we build a detailed model of a Type IV research wind turbine at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, the Controls Advanced Research Turbine (CART 3) and we integrated a Lithium-ion BESS model in grid-following mode into the model. The simulation results illustrate the sizing and control of the DC-link integrated BESS for a given variable wind resource and varying dispatch strategies (i.e., under constant, uncertain, and ramping wind scenarios). The integrated storage can smooth variability in distributed wind output, hedge against uncertainties, provide ramping capability, as well as support stability under voltage and frequency transients. All of these have been illustrated in MATLAB/Simulink.