@misc{a10472e0f0784b01b4e6ffa8eb3135eb,
title = "Investigation of Local Parameters of PERC Solar Cells Metallized with Screen Printed Cu-Paste",
abstract = "For 40 TW of PV required to transition our planet to 100% renewables, the silver (Ag) should disappear from PV production. Advantages of copper (Cu) over silver (Ag) include: 1) bulk Cu has a similar conductivity to Ag (1.7 one millionth O-cm for Cu, 1.6 one millionth O-cm for Ag, and 2) Cu is -100 times cheaper than Ag, making it an excellent potential replacement. Problems associated with copper contacts include: 1) easy oxidation, and 2) diffusion into the Si cell and recombination activity. To summarize: 1) Rs map shows some regions with very high Rs, indicating no contact in those areas; 2) the histogram shows the peak Rs -5 ohm.cm2, which explains the high FF loss due to Rs; and 3) DLIT indicates non-uniformity in J01 and J02.",
keywords = "copper, diffusion, metallization, PERC solar cell, photovoltaic, PV, recombination, screen-printing",
author = "Suchismita Mitra and Steve Johnston and Ruvini Dharmadasa and Thad Druffel and Kevin Elmer and Apolo Nambo and Dustin Williams and Sandra Huneycutt and Abasafreke Ebong and Pauls Stradins",
year = "2023",
language = "American English",
series = "Presented at the 30th Annual NREL Silicon Workshop, 30 July - 2 August 2023, Breckenridge, Colorado",
publisher = "National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)",
address = "United States",
type = "Other",
}