Abstract
Insufficiencies in charging facilities limit the broad application of electric vehicles (EVs). In addition, EV can hardly represent a green option if its electricity primarily depends on fossil energy. Considering these two problems, this paper studies a battery swapping-charging system based on wind farms (hereinafter referred to as W-BSCS). In a W-BSCS, the wind farms not only supply electricity to the power grid but also cooperate with a centralized charge station (CCS), which can centrally charge EV batteries and then distribute them to multiple battery swapping stations (BSSs). The operational framework of the W-BSCS is analyzed, and some preprocessing technologies are developed to reduce complexity in modeling. Then, a joint optimal scheduling model involving a wind power generation plan, battery swapping demand, battery charging and discharging, and a vehicle routing problem (VRP) is established. Then a heuristic method based on the exhaustive search and the Genetic Algorithm is employed to solve the formulated NP-hard problem. Numerical results verify the effectiveness of the joint optimal scheduling model, and they also show that the W-BSCS has great potential to promote EVs and wind power.
Original language | American English |
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Article number | 9265475 |
Pages (from-to) | 555-566 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems |
Volume | 7 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - May 2021 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2015 CSEE.
NREL Publication Number
- NREL/JA-5D00-80329
Keywords
- Battery swapping station
- electric vehicle
- vehicle routing problem
- wind power