Modeling of Two-Junction, Series-Connected Tandem Solar Cells using Top-Cell Thickness as an Adjustable Parameter

Theoretical efficiencies are calculated for two-junction, series-connected solar cells using air mass 1.5 global and direct irradiance spectra. For band-gap combinations previously limited by a low bottom-cell current, thinning of the top cell is shown to result in significant increases in the theoretical efficiencies. The increases are primarily due to increased short-circuit currents, since current matching is achievable. Smaller gains are also seen in the open-circuit voltages of the thinner cells when a low surface-recombination velocity is assumed. Thus, a number of material combinations which previously could only be used in four-terminal configurations can now be considered for series-connected two-junction solar cells.