Package Development for Reliability Testing of Perovskites

Metal halide perovskite solar cells have reached a critical point in their development. At a current certified record efficiency of 25.7% for a single-junction, research-scale cell, they now garner serious attention from the solar cell industry as a promising route to widespread, low-cost photovoltaics in single- or tandem-junction configurations. However, more work to demonstrate their durability under real-world outdoor test conditions is necessary to ensure the long-term success and deployment of the technology. Differences in chemistry, processes, and their combination result in unique performance limiters for both efficiency and stability. As many active formulations and layer/cell stack combinations are sensitive to temperature, air, and moisture, it is important to separate intrinsic limitations to stability relative to these extrinsic sources. This presents a particular need for the development of an appropriate and reliable package for environmental (i.e., accelerated and outdoor) testing that will permit these different factors to be evaluated and understood.