Review and Status of Wind Integration and Transmission in the United States: Key Issues and Lessons Learned

In the years since the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) 20% Wind Energy by 2030 study was published (2008), a great deal has been learned about the impacts that wind generation can have on electric power systems and how to efficiently integrate wind power into the bulk power system. This report adds to DOE's Wind Vision discussion about how to integrate wind energy into the bulk power system. It summarizes the lessons learned from some of the most relevant and comprehensive wind integration studies conducted during the past several years. It includes a discussion about lessons from operating practices, especially as related to reserves, efficient operating practices, and wind power forecasting. The concluding sections describe the main industry organizations involved in wind integration and transmission, briefly discuss transmission expansion related to wind energy, and includes a summary.