Abstract
Grid supportive modes integrated within inverter-based resources can improve the frequency response of renewable-rich microgrids. The synthesis of grid supportive modes to guarantee frequency trajectory constraints under a predefined disturbance set is challenging but essential. To tackle this challenge, a numerical optimal control (NOC)-based control synthesis methodology is proposed. Without loss of generality, a wind-diesel fed microgrid is studied, where we aim to design grid supportive functions in the wind turbine. In the control design, linearized models are used, and the linearization-induced errors are quantitatively analyzed by reachability and interval arithmetics and represented in the form of interval uncertainties. Then, the NOC problem can be formulated into a robust mixed-integer linear program. The control structure is strategically configured into two levels to realize online deployment. The proposed control is verified on the modified 33-node microgrid with a full-order three-phase nonlinear model in Simulink. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control paradigm and the necessity of considering linearization-induced uncertainty.
| Original language | American English |
|---|---|
| Number of pages | 16 |
| Journal | Applied Energy |
| Volume | 333 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2023 |
NREL Publication Number
- NREL/JA-5D00-85178
Keywords
- frequency response
- interval analysis
- microgrids
- mixed-integer linear programming
- numerical optimal control
- reachability
- uncertainty quantification
- wind turbine generator