Solid-State Transformer and Hybrid Transformer With Integrated Energy Storage in Active Distribution Grids: Technical and Economic Comparison, Dispatch, and Control

Engineering

• Solid State Transformer 100%
• Integrated Energy Storage 100%
• Battery Energy Storage 60%
• Controllability 40%
• Cost Reduction 30%
• Photovoltaics 20%
• Net Present Value 20%
• Frequency Transformer 20%
• Voltage Fluctuation 20%
• Internal Rate of Return 20%
• Experimental Result 10%
• Capital Cost 10%
• Integrated System 10%
• Bus System 10%
• Operational Cost 10%
• Mechanical Load 10%
• Reactive Power 10%
• Power Flow 10%
• System Capacity 10%
• Voltage Regulation 10%
• Level Converter 10%
• Tap Changer 10%
• Voltage-Control Method 10%
• Solar Photovoltaic 10%
• Photovoltaic Capacity 10%
• Electric Vehicle 10%
• Smart Grid 10%