Abstract
A common non-ionic surfactant, Triton X-100, was used to modify the chemical bath deposition (CBD) of CdS 'buffer' layers on Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin films. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) data demonstrate that films produced with the surfactant have about the same levels of impurities as films grown without it. For thin,~130 ..ANG.. CdS layers andrelative to devices made without the surfactant, average absolute cell efficiencies were increased from 10.5% to 14.8%, or by a relative 41%. Visual inspection of the CdS depositions reveals one possible mechanism of the surfactant's effects: bubbles that form and adhere to the CIGS surface during the CBD reaction are almost completely eliminated with the addition of the TX-100. Thus, pinholesand thin areas in the CdS layers caused by poor wetting of the substrate surface are sharply reduced, leading to large increases in the open circuit voltage in devices produced with the surfactant.
Original language | American English |
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Number of pages | 5 |
State | Published - 2005 |
Event | 2005 DOE Solar Energy Technologies Program Review Meeting - Denver, Colorado Duration: 7 Nov 2005 → 10 Nov 2005 |
Conference
Conference | 2005 DOE Solar Energy Technologies Program Review Meeting |
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City | Denver, Colorado |
Period | 7/11/05 → 10/11/05 |
Bibliographical note
Presented at the 2005 DOE Solar Energy Technologies Program Review Meeting held November 7-10, 2005 in Denver, Colorado. Also included in the proceedings available on CD-ROM (DOE/GO-102006-2245; NREL/CD-520-38557)NREL Publication Number
- NREL/CP-520-38941
Keywords
- CdS thin films
- NREL
- photovoltaics (PV)
- PV
- solar