The Influence of Sol-Gel Processing on the Electrochromic Properties of Mesoporous WO3 Films Produced by Ultrasonic Spray Deposition

Chi Ping Li; Feng Lin; Ryan M. Richards; Chaiwat Engtrakul; Robert C. Tenent; Colin A. Wolden

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2013.11.002

The Influence of Sol-Gel Processing on the Electrochromic Properties of Mesoporous WO3 Films Produced by Ultrasonic Spray Deposition

Chi Ping Li, Feng Lin, Ryan M. Richards, Chaiwat Engtrakul, Robert C. Tenent, Colin A. Wolden

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

42 Scopus Citations

Abstract

High performance mesoporous tungsten oxide films were deposited by ultrasonic spray deposition using templated sol-gel chemistry. The dynamics of both sol preparation and hydrolysis were investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy. A stable sol was formed after 12 h, while optimum electrochromic performance was obtained for 12 h of hydrolysis. Electrochromic performance is strongly correlated to the annealing conditions, with optimized films displaying coloration efficiency >50 cm²/C and switching times <10 s. FTIR spectroscopy revealed that WO₃ produced under optimized conditions were free of hydroxyl and carbonate impurities. Performance scaled with the specific surface area and nanoscale morphology. The WO₃ films display good long term cycling durability up to 2500 cycles, which was attributed to the high degree of film crystallinity.

Original language	American English
Pages (from-to)	163-170
Number of pages	8
Journal	Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
Volume	121
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2013.11.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2013.11.002
State	Published - Feb 2014

NREL Publication Number

NREL/JA-5900-61051

Keywords

Durability
Electrochromic
Mesoporous
Sol-gel
Tungsten oxide
Ultrasonic spray deposition

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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title = "The Influence of Sol-Gel Processing on the Electrochromic Properties of Mesoporous WO3 Films Produced by Ultrasonic Spray Deposition",

abstract = "High performance mesoporous tungsten oxide films were deposited by ultrasonic spray deposition using templated sol-gel chemistry. The dynamics of both sol preparation and hydrolysis were investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy. A stable sol was formed after 12 h, while optimum electrochromic performance was obtained for 12 h of hydrolysis. Electrochromic performance is strongly correlated to the annealing conditions, with optimized films displaying coloration efficiency >50 cm2/C and switching times <10 s. FTIR spectroscopy revealed that WO3 produced under optimized conditions were free of hydroxyl and carbonate impurities. Performance scaled with the specific surface area and nanoscale morphology. The WO3 films display good long term cycling durability up to 2500 cycles, which was attributed to the high degree of film crystallinity.",

keywords = "Durability, Electrochromic, Mesoporous, Sol-gel, Tungsten oxide, Ultrasonic spray deposition",

author = "Li, {Chi Ping} and Feng Lin and Richards, {Ryan M.} and Chaiwat Engtrakul and Tenent, {Robert C.} and Wolden, {Colin A.}",

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doi = "10.1016/j.solmat.2013.11.002",

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AU - Li, Chi Ping

AU - Lin, Feng

AU - Richards, Ryan M.

AU - Engtrakul, Chaiwat

AU - Tenent, Robert C.

AU - Wolden, Colin A.

PY - 2014/2

Y1 - 2014/2

N2 - High performance mesoporous tungsten oxide films were deposited by ultrasonic spray deposition using templated sol-gel chemistry. The dynamics of both sol preparation and hydrolysis were investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy. A stable sol was formed after 12 h, while optimum electrochromic performance was obtained for 12 h of hydrolysis. Electrochromic performance is strongly correlated to the annealing conditions, with optimized films displaying coloration efficiency >50 cm2/C and switching times <10 s. FTIR spectroscopy revealed that WO3 produced under optimized conditions were free of hydroxyl and carbonate impurities. Performance scaled with the specific surface area and nanoscale morphology. The WO3 films display good long term cycling durability up to 2500 cycles, which was attributed to the high degree of film crystallinity.

AB - High performance mesoporous tungsten oxide films were deposited by ultrasonic spray deposition using templated sol-gel chemistry. The dynamics of both sol preparation and hydrolysis were investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy. A stable sol was formed after 12 h, while optimum electrochromic performance was obtained for 12 h of hydrolysis. Electrochromic performance is strongly correlated to the annealing conditions, with optimized films displaying coloration efficiency >50 cm2/C and switching times <10 s. FTIR spectroscopy revealed that WO3 produced under optimized conditions were free of hydroxyl and carbonate impurities. Performance scaled with the specific surface area and nanoscale morphology. The WO3 films display good long term cycling durability up to 2500 cycles, which was attributed to the high degree of film crystallinity.

KW - Durability

KW - Electrochromic

KW - Mesoporous

KW - Sol-gel

KW - Tungsten oxide

KW - Ultrasonic spray deposition

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U2 - 10.1016/j.solmat.2013.11.002

DO - 10.1016/j.solmat.2013.11.002

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84889026338

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VL - 121

SP - 163

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JO - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

JF - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

ER -

The Influence of Sol-Gel Processing on the Electrochromic Properties of Mesoporous WO3 Films Produced by Ultrasonic Spray Deposition

Abstract

NREL Publication Number

Keywords

UN SDGs

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