Towards Linking Lab and Field Lifetimes of Perovskite Solar Cells

Qi Jiang, Robert Tirawat, Ross Kerner, E. Gaulding, Yeming Xian, Xiaoming Wang, Jimmy Newkirk, Yanfa Yan, Joseph Berry, Kai Zhu

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

80 Scopus Citations

Abstract

Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) represent a promising low-cost, thin-film photovoltaic (PV) technology, with unprecedented power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) obtained for both single-junction and tandem applications1-8. To push PSCs toward commercialization, it is critical, albeit challenging, to understand device reliability under real-world outdoor conditions where multiple stress factors (e.g., light, heat, humidity) coexist, generating complicated degradation behaviors9-13. It is necessary to identify accelerated indoor testing protocols - which can correlate specific stressors with observed degradation modes in fielded devices - to quickly guide PSC development. Here, we use a state-of-the-art p-i-n PSC stack (with PCE up to ~25.5%) to show that indoor accelerated stability tests can predict our 6-month outdoor aging tests. Device degradation rates under illumination and at elevated temperatures are most instructive for understanding outdoor device reliability. We also find that the indium tin oxide (ITO)/self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-based hole transport layer (HTL)/perovskite interface most strongly affects our device operation stability. Improving the ion-blocking properties of the SAM HTL increases averaged device operational stability at 50 degree C-85 degree C by a factor of ~2.8, reaching over 1000 h at 85 degree C and to near 8200 h at 50 degree C with a projected 20% degradation, which is among the best to date for high-efficiency p-i-n PSCs14-17.
Original languageAmerican English
Pages (from-to)313-318
Number of pages6
JournalNature
Volume623
DOIs
StatePublished - 2023

NREL Publication Number

  • NREL/JA-5900-87287

Keywords

  • accelerated lifetime test
  • activation energy
  • outdoor stability
  • perovskite solar cells
  • stability

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