Ultrasonic Spray Deposition for Production of Organic Solar Cells

K. Xerxes Steirer; Matthew O. Reese; Benjamin L. Rupert; Nikos Kopidakis; Dana C. Olson; Reuben T. Collins; David S. Ginley

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.026

Ultrasonic Spray Deposition for Production of Organic Solar Cells

K. Xerxes Steirer, Matthew O. Reese, Benjamin L. Rupert, Nikos Kopidakis, Dana C. Olson, Reuben T. Collins, David S. Ginley

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

169 Scopus Citations

Abstract

Recent improvements of organic photovoltaic power conversion efficiencies have motivated development of scalable processing techniques. We compare chlorobenzene and p-xylene, as solvents with similar bulk properties, in a case study of ultrasonic spray depositions of bulk heterojunction layers in photovoltaic devices. Structure and morphology of spray-deposited films are investigated via small-angle X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. Unique phases are observed in bulk heterostructure films sprayed from p-xylene. Films sprayed from chlorobenzene resulted in higher device efficiencies than p-xylene due to large differences in film morphologies. Carrier loss mechanisms are also investigated. Post-production annealing increases power conversion efficiency to 3.2% when chlorobenzene is used.

Original language	American English
Pages (from-to)	447-453
Number of pages	7
Journal	Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
Volume	93
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.026 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.026
State	Published - 2009

NREL Publication Number

NREL/JA-520-44463

Keywords

Bulk heterojunction
Deposition
Organic
Photovoltaic
Process
Spray

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title = "Ultrasonic Spray Deposition for Production of Organic Solar Cells",

abstract = "Recent improvements of organic photovoltaic power conversion efficiencies have motivated development of scalable processing techniques. We compare chlorobenzene and p-xylene, as solvents with similar bulk properties, in a case study of ultrasonic spray depositions of bulk heterojunction layers in photovoltaic devices. Structure and morphology of spray-deposited films are investigated via small-angle X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. Unique phases are observed in bulk heterostructure films sprayed from p-xylene. Films sprayed from chlorobenzene resulted in higher device efficiencies than p-xylene due to large differences in film morphologies. Carrier loss mechanisms are also investigated. Post-production annealing increases power conversion efficiency to 3.2% when chlorobenzene is used.",

keywords = "Bulk heterojunction, Deposition, Organic, Photovoltaic, Process, Spray",

author = "Steirer, {K. Xerxes} and Reese, {Matthew O.} and Rupert, {Benjamin L.} and Nikos Kopidakis and Olson, {Dana C.} and Collins, {Reuben T.} and Ginley, {David S.}",

year = "2009",

doi = "10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.026",

language = "American English",

volume = "93",

pages = "447--453",

journal = "Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells",

issn = "0927-0248",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Ultrasonic Spray Deposition for Production of Organic Solar Cells

AU - Steirer, K. Xerxes

AU - Reese, Matthew O.

AU - Rupert, Benjamin L.

AU - Kopidakis, Nikos

AU - Olson, Dana C.

AU - Collins, Reuben T.

AU - Ginley, David S.

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - Recent improvements of organic photovoltaic power conversion efficiencies have motivated development of scalable processing techniques. We compare chlorobenzene and p-xylene, as solvents with similar bulk properties, in a case study of ultrasonic spray depositions of bulk heterojunction layers in photovoltaic devices. Structure and morphology of spray-deposited films are investigated via small-angle X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. Unique phases are observed in bulk heterostructure films sprayed from p-xylene. Films sprayed from chlorobenzene resulted in higher device efficiencies than p-xylene due to large differences in film morphologies. Carrier loss mechanisms are also investigated. Post-production annealing increases power conversion efficiency to 3.2% when chlorobenzene is used.

AB - Recent improvements of organic photovoltaic power conversion efficiencies have motivated development of scalable processing techniques. We compare chlorobenzene and p-xylene, as solvents with similar bulk properties, in a case study of ultrasonic spray depositions of bulk heterojunction layers in photovoltaic devices. Structure and morphology of spray-deposited films are investigated via small-angle X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. Unique phases are observed in bulk heterostructure films sprayed from p-xylene. Films sprayed from chlorobenzene resulted in higher device efficiencies than p-xylene due to large differences in film morphologies. Carrier loss mechanisms are also investigated. Post-production annealing increases power conversion efficiency to 3.2% when chlorobenzene is used.

KW - Bulk heterojunction

KW - Deposition

KW - Organic

KW - Photovoltaic

KW - Process

KW - Spray

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U2 - 10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.026

DO - 10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.026

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:60449119508

SN - 0927-0248

VL - 93

SP - 447

EP - 453

JO - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

JF - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

IS - 4

ER -

Ultrasonic Spray Deposition for Production of Organic Solar Cells

Abstract

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Keywords

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