Abstract
Initiated in 2007 to examine the operational impact of up to 35% penetration of wind, photovoltaic (PV), and concentrating solar power (CSP) energy on the electric power system, the Western Wind and Solar Integration Study (WWSIS) is one of the largest regional wind and solar integration studies to date. The goal is to understand the effects of variability and uncertainty of wind, PV, and CSP onthe grid. In the Western Wind and Solar Integration Study Phase 1, solar penetration was limited to 5%. Utility-scale PV was not included because of limited capability to model sub-hourly, utility-scale PV output . New techniques allow the Western Wind and Solar Integration Study Phase 2 to include high penetrations of solar - not only CSP and rooftop PV but also utility-scale PV plants.
Original language | American English |
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Number of pages | 2 |
State | Published - 2012 |
Bibliographical note
9/25/13: This October 2012 version now redirects to the new September 2013 version: NREL/FS-5500-59064.NREL Publication Number
- NREL/FS-5500-55999
Keywords
- concentrating solar power (CSP)
- integration
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
- NREL
- photovoltaic
- renewables
- wind